Applied Biology

Step 1: Understanding Inbreeding Depression

- Inbreeding leads to reduced genetic diversity, increasing the likelihood of harmful recessive traits.
- This can lower fertility and productivity in offspring.
Step 2: Explanation of the Assertion

- Inbreeding depression is the main reason for reduced fertility and productivity.
- Both (A) and (R) are correct, and (R) correctly explains (A).
Step 3: Conclusion

Since inbreeding depression explains reduced fertility and productivity, Option (1) is correct.

Step 1: Analyze Animal Breeding Methods:

• Out crossing: Mating of animals within the same breed, but having no common ancestors for 4-6 generations.
• Cross breeding: Mating of superior males of one breed with superior females of another breed. This is used to combine desirable qualities of two different breeds (e.g., Hisardale sheep).
• Close breeding: Intense inbreeding (mating closely related individuals).
• Line breeding: Mating animals that are distantly related (e.g., cousins).

Step 2: Conclusion:
The question describes mating between two \different breeds. This defines Cross breeding.