CBSE-CLASS-XII SERIES
Economics

Sustainable Development

16 previous year questions.

Volume: 16 Ques
Yield: Medium

High-Yield Trend

10
2025
6
2024

Chapter Questions
16 MCQs

01
PYQ 2024
easy
economics ID: cbse-cla
Read the following text carefully:
In the contemporary world with a lot of sustainable development concerns, green growth, and net zero emissions are two important concepts which are generally discussed together. These two concepts are essential for the future of the Earth, as by working together on them we can create a more sustainable future for ourselves and for the generations to come.
Green growth refers to, “the economic growth that is achieved in a way that minimizes environmental impact”, whereas, “net zero emission is the state of achieving balance between anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases and removal of such emissions from the atmosphere.”
There exists a robust connection between the two concepts:
(1) Green growth can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which is essential for achieving net zero emissions.
(2) Green growth can help to create jobs and boost economic growth, which can help to make it more affordable for countries to invest in net zero emissions technology. A nation can do a lot to promote these two factors together, like:
(a) Investing in renewable energy sources which do not produce greenhouse gases.
(b) Adopting energy efficient measures, such as insulation and other such appliances which can help to reduce energy consumption.
(c) Altering transportation habits, like adopting walking, biking and using public transportation as they are lower-carbon ways to travel.
Onthe basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions:
02
PYQ 2024
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
State the importance of growth with equity in Indian economic planning.
03
PYQ 2024
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
State and elaborate whether the following statements are true or false, with valid arguments: (i) Organic Farming has essentially become the need of the hour.
(ii) In the recent past, the Government of India has taken crucial steps, like Jan-Dhan Yojana, for efficient allocation of financial resources
04
PYQ 2024
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
State and discuss the importance of collective fight in achieving SDGs.
05
PYQ 2024
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
Define Worker–Population Ratio.
06
PYQ 2024
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
_________ farming is the system that restores, maintains, and enhances the ecological balance. (Fill up the blank with the correct alternative.)
1
Conventional
2
Chemical
3
Organic
4
Multi-layered
07
PYQ 2025
easy
economics ID: cbse-cla
Describe ‘LPG’ and ‘Gobar Gas’ as strategies used to achieve sustainable development in rural areas.
08
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
Organic farming offers a means to substitute costlier agricultural inputs with locally produced organic inputs.
09
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
State the meaning of sustainable development.
10
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
Identify, which of the following statements is incorrect about the functions of environment. (Choose the correct option)
1
Provides resources
2
Absorbs wastage
3
Sustains life
4
Deteriorates quality of life
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11
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
Identify, which of the following statements is incorrect about the functions of the environment. (Choose the correct option)
1
Environment provides resources.
2
Environment absorbs wastage.
3
Environment sustains life.
4
Environment deteriorates the quality of life.
12
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
Define Carrying Capacity.
13
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla

Read the following text carefully:
Climate change and sustainability of environment are two pressing issues that have captured global attention. In recent years, the world has witnessed a surge in extreme weather events including severe droughts, cloud bursts, floods, land slides, receding coastlines and the alarming melting of arctic ice and Himalayan Glaciers. Wildfires have become more frequent and intense. In this context, sustainable agriculture emerges as a crucial solution. This refers to those farming practices that meet today's requirements while preserving resources for the future generation. This means adopting methods that protect the environment, reduce dependence on chemical inputs, efficiently using water and land and ensuring socio-economic equity for farmers. On one hand sustainable agricultural practices are necessary, on the other, they are often more expensive to implement compared to conventional methods. Sustainable practices like organic farming, climate-smart technologies, modern irrigation systems may seem costly upfront, but they offer long-term benefits by improving productivity, and environmental stewardship. Without accessible and affordable financing options, the much needed shift to sustainable farming practices will remain a distant dream for many. Therefore, sustainable finance should not only promote eco-friendly practices but also ensure that financial resources are available to the farmers who need it.
Source: url{https://website.vbi.org.in/web/rbi/-/speeches- interview/financing-for-sustainable-agriculture (adopted and modified)
On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions:

  • (a) Define Sustainable Agriculture.
  • (b) "Sustainable Agriculture practices, like organic farming may seem costly initially, but offer long term benefits." Discuss the long term benefits these practices can offer.
  • (c) State any two strategies to promote sustainable development in a developing country like India.
14
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
Read the following statements carefully:
Statement 1: Environmental concerns of waste generation and pollution have become critical, due to reversal of demand and supply relationship.
Statement 2: Environmental crisis happens when the rate of resource extraction is less than that of regeneration of resources.
In the light of the given statements, choose the correct option from the following:
1
Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is false.
2
Statement 1 is false and Statement 2 is true.
3
Both statements 1 and 2 are true.
4
Both statements 1 and 2 are false.
15
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
Identify, the options that emphasize the role of information and technology.
(i) Achieving sustainable development
(ii) Attainment of food security
(iii) Disseminates information regarding emerging technologies.
1
Only (i)
2
Only (ii)
3
(i) and (ii)
4
(i), (ii) and (iii)
16
PYQ 2025
medium
economics ID: cbse-cla
"In the mountainous regions, mini-hydel plants prove to be cost effective as well as eco-friendly."
Justify above statement with valid arguments.