General Principles And Processes Of Isolation Of Elements

Liquation is used for the refining of metals which are readily fusible, such as Pb, Sn, Bi and Hg as compared to impurities.

Answer (b) liquation

Calcium oxide acts as a flux and combines with silica to form fusible calcium silicate slag
\underset{\text{Calcium silicate (slag)}}{ {CaSiO_{3(s)} }}

Horn silver is

Cinnabar (HgS) being a sulphide ore can be concentrated by froth floatation method.

Limonite :
Magnetite :
Camallite :
Haematite:

Fe is extracted by pyrometallurgy.The process of extracting the metal by heating the metal oxide with a suitable reducing agent.

Bauxite is .

Siderite is a carbonate ore of iron, i.e.,

Dissociation of limestone in the slag zone of the blast furnace is represented as

The reaction proceeds with absorption of heat and leads to increase in entropy due to formation of gas.

Sulphide ores like galena (PbS) are concentrated by froth floatation process.