States Of Matter

Boiling point elevation is directly proportional to the number of ions present in the solution, as described by the formula: where:
- is the van 't Hoff factor (number of ions),
- is the ebullioscopic constant, and
- is the molality.
Since dissociates into two ions (Na and Cl ), and dissociates into three ions (Mg and 2Cl ), it follows that the boiling point elevation will be greatest for followed by , and the least for urea, which does not dissociate. Thus, the correct answer is Option (B).

The ideal gas equation is given by: Where: - = pressure = 3 atm - = volume of 1 mole of gas (at conditions of 1 mol) - = number of moles = 1 mol - = ideal gas constant = 0.082 \, L atm mol K - = temperature in Kelvin = 230°C + 273 = 503 K Now, rearrange the equation to solve for volume of 1 mol gas: The density is given by: The molar mass of is 28 g/mol. So, the density is: Thus, the correct answer is 2.03 g/mL.