Hybridisation

To solve the problem of matching the types of hybridization with their corresponding distribution of hybrid orbitals in space, we need to understand the characteristics of each hybrid and its typical geometry.

• sp³ hybridization: This configuration involves one s and three p orbitals mixing to form four equivalent hybrid orbitals that are oriented tetrahedrally. Thus, the match for sp³ is (III) Tetrahedral.
• dsp² hybridization: Involves one d, one s, and two p orbitals. This configuration typically results in a square planar geometry. Thus, the match for dsp² is (IV) Square Planar.
• sp³d hybridization: This involves one s, three p, and one d orbital, resulting in five equivalent hybrid orbitals oriented in a trigonal bipyramidal geometry. Therefore, the match for sp³d is (I) Trigonal bipyramidal.
• sp³d² hybridization: Comprising one s, three p, and two d orbitals, it forms six equivalent hybrid orbitals arranged in an octahedral geometry. The match for sp³d² is (II) Octahedral.

The correct matching is therefore:

• A-III (sp³ - Tetrahedral)
• B-IV (dsp² - Square Planar)
• C-I (sp³d - Trigonal bipyramidal)
• D-II (sp³d² - Octahedral)

Therefore, the correct answer is: A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.