Indian Constitution At Work

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

1998

Article 352
The emergency provisions in the Indian Constitution are mentioned in Part XVIII, which consists of Articles 352 to 360. These articles outline the three types of emergencies that can be declared in India: 1. Article 352: This article deals with the proclamation of a "National Emergency" in case of a threat to the security of India by war, external aggression, or armed rebellion. It is commonly referred to as "President's Rule" or "Central Rule." 2. Article 356: This article deals with the proclamation of a "President's Rule" or "State Emergency" in case of failure of the constitutional machinery in a state. The President can assume control of the state's administration and governance. 3. Article 360: This article deals with the proclamation of a "Financial Emergency" in case of a threat to the financial stability or credit of India. It enables the President to issue directions to the states regarding financial matters. These emergency provisions grant certain extraordinary powers to the central government to tackle exceptional situations and ensure the smooth functioning and security of the nation.

26 October 1947
Raja Hari Singh, the last ruling monarch of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, signed the Instrument of Accession on October 26, 1947. The Instrument of Accession was a legal document through which the princely states acceded to either India or Pakistan following the partition of British India. By signing the Instrument of Accession, Raja Hari Singh agreed to accede to the Dominion of India, integrating the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir into the Indian Union.

The economic plan for India proposed by a group of industrialists and technocrats in 1944.

Narendra Modi
The Look East Policy was renamed as the Act East Policy by the then-Prime Minister of India, Mr. Narendra Modi. The renaming of the policy took place during his tenure in office. The Act East Policy emphasizes not just enhancing economic engagement with countries in the East, particularly in Southeast Asia, but also strengthening strategic and cultural ties with the region. It signifies India's proactive approach in actively engaging with the countries of East and Southeast Asia for mutual benefit and regional cooperation.

Special status of the state of Jammu and Kashmir
Article 370 of the Indian Constitution granted special autonomous status to the region of Jammu and Kashmir. It provided certain provisions and privileges to the state of Jammu and Kashmir, including a separate constitution, a separate flag, and a significant degree of legislative and administrative autonomy. This article was incorporated into the Indian Constitution in 1949. However, on August 5, 2019, the Government of India abrogated Article 370 through a presidential order. This decision revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir and reorganized the state into two separate Union Territories, namely Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh. The abrogation of Article 370 led to significant changes in the governance and administration of Jammu and Kashmir.

National Security Guard