Work Energy Theorem

Taking surface of table as zero level of potential energy, Potential energy of chain with th part hanging Potential energy of chain or it leaves table Kinetic energy = Loss of potential energy

For a diatomic gas, the heat supplied at constant pressure is related to the change in temperature by:

where:

• is the number of moles of the gas,
• is the specific heat at constant pressure.

The total change in internal energy for a diatomic gas is given by:

where is the specific heat at constant volume.

The relationship between and for an ideal gas is:

For a diatomic ideal gas, the ratio is given by:

Thus, we have:

Now, the part of the heat that increases the internal energy is the heat utilized to increase the temperature at constant volume, which is the change in internal energy. The fraction of the heat supplied that increases internal energy is given by:

Thus, the fraction of heat utilized to increase the internal energy is .

Therefore, the correct answer is Option (2), .