Plant Morphology

To find plants with hypogynous flowers, we need to check if their ovaries are superior (i.e., floral parts like sepals, petals, and stamens are attached below the ovary).

Let’s evaluate each plant:

• (A) Mustard (Brassicaceae family): Superior ovary; floral parts below → Hypogynous ✅
• (B) Cucumber (Cucurbitaceae family): Inferior ovary; floral parts above → Not hypogynous ❌
• (C) Brinjal (Solanaceae family): Superior ovary; floral parts below → Hypogynous ✅
• (D) Plum (Rosaceae family): Perigynous; semi-inferior ovary → Not hypogynous ❌
• (E) Rose (Rosaceae family): Perigynous; semi-inferior ovary → Not hypogynous ❌
• (F) Peach (Rosaceae family): Perigynous → Not hypogynous ❌
• (G) Guava (Myrtaceae family): Epigynous; inferior ovary → Not hypogynous ❌
• (H) Sunflower (Asteraceae family): Epigynous; inferior ovary → Not hypogynous ❌
• (I) China Rose (Malvaceae family): Superior ovary → Hypogynous ✅

Conclusion: The hypogynous flowers are found in Mustard, Brinjal, and China Rose.

Correct Option: (2)

A) Acropetal, sessile flowers — Achyranthus (II).
B) Three flowered cyme — Cymule (IV).
C) Panicle — Compound Racemose (I).
D) Unisexual flowers with irregular arrangement — Hypanthodium (III).

Nepenthes (pitcher plant) shows modification of leaves to trap insects.
The upper petiole becomes a tendril for climbing, the lower becomes a phyllode, and the middle lamina turns into a pitcher.
This adaptation helps them obtain nitrogen in nutrient-poor soils. Hence, both assertion and reason are correct, and (R) explains (A).