Mughal Empire

The correct option is (C) :Akbar

Amin (II) served as the village headman, Muqaddam (III) was responsible for maintaining village records, Qanungo (I) handled revenue collection, and the Diwan (IV) oversaw fiscal supervision, acting as the finance minister of the empire.

Jahanara Begum, the eldest daughter of Shah Jahan, wrote Munis al-Arwah ("Confidant of Spirits"), a biography of Shaikh Muinuddin Chishti. This work is significant because it reflects Jahanara’s spiritual life and devotion to the Chishti Sufi tradition, which she supported throughout her life. Jahanara herself was deeply involved in Sufism and is remembered as a Sufi disciple and patron of mysticism, embracing the syncretic nature of Mughal culture.

Francois Bernier, a French physician and traveler, criticized the Mughal system of land tenure in his writings, particularly in his book Travels in the Mughal Empire. Bernier noted that unlike in Europe, where private land ownership was common, Mughal India lacked such private property structures. Instead, the Mughal system was based on land grants and state control over resources.

Badshah Nama was written by Abdul Hamid Lahori (A-IV), Chahar Chaman by Chandrabhan Brahman (B-III), Humayun Nama by Gulbadan Begum (C-I), and Jahangir Nama by Jahangir himself (D-II). These works are historical chronicles that blend personal memoirs with political events, providing a rich view of the Mughal court.