Social Policy

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question asks for the year of enactment of the central law to enforce the constitutional abolition of untouchability.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes the practice of "Untouchability" and makes its enforcement a punishable offense. To give effect to this constitutional provision, the Parliament of India passed the Untouchability (Offences) Act in 1955.
This Act made the practice of untouchability a cognizable offense. It is important to note that this Act was comprehensively amended in 1976 and was renamed the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955. The question specifically asks when the original act was passed.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The Untouchability (Offences) Act was passed in the year 1955.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This is a factual question about a specific piece of social legislation in India aimed at addressing the problem of child labour.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The Government of India adopted the National Policy on Child Labour in August 1987. This policy was formulated to provide a comprehensive framework for tackling child labour. It emphasizes a gradual approach, focusing first on the rehabilitation of children working in hazardous occupations and processes. The policy is multi-faceted, including legal measures, general welfare and development programs, and project-based action plans.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The National Policy on child labour was made in 1987.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks for the launch year of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), a flagship Government of India program for the universalization of elementary education.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) was officially launched in 2001 by the government of India, led by Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Its goal was to provide useful and relevant elementary education for all children in the 6-14 age group by 2010.
The options provided in the question (1992, 1993, 1994, 1995) are incorrect. They likely refer to an earlier, similar program. The District Primary Education Programme (DPEP), a precursor to SSA, was launched in 1994. However, the question specifically asks about Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The options provided are incorrect. The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan was launched in the year 2001.