Electrochemical Cells

Step 1: Standard EMF:


Step 2: Relation between and :


Step 3: Substituting values :

Step 1: Relation between E^∘ and equilibrium constant: log K = (nF E^∘)/(2.303RT)
Step 2: For the given cell reaction: n = 2, E^∘ = 1.10V At 25^∘C (T=298K): log K = (2 × 96485 × 1.10)/(2.303 × 8.314 × 298) ≈ 37
Step 3: K ≈ 10³7

Photochemical smog is a type of air pollution that primarily consists of nitrogen oxides (NO ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that react under the influence of sunlight to form secondary pollutants, including ozone (O ), formaldehyde (HCHO), and peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs). Step 1: In the formation of photochemical smog, nitrogen oxides like NO and NO play a crucial role, along with VOCs. These pollutants lead to the formation of ozone and other harmful compounds.
Step 2: SO (sulfur dioxide) is typically associated with industrial smog (or ``London-type smog"), which is different from photochemical smog.
It does not generally participate in the formation of photochemical smog under normal sunlight conditions.
Step 3: Therefore, SO is not generally present in photochemical smog, unlike NO, NO , and HCHO, which are key components.