Gas Laws

Step 1: Boyle's Law
Boyle's law states that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to its volume.
The equation is: where is the pressure and is the volume.
Step 2: Isotherm Explanation
The graph of Boyle's law is called an isotherm because it represents the relationship between pressure and volume at a constant temperature.
Step 3: Why Other Options are Incorrect
Option (b) Hypertherm is incorrect as it is not related to Boyle's law.
Option (c) Hypotherm is also not related to Boyle's law.

Option (d) None of the above is incorrect because the correct answer is Isotherm.

Step 4: Conclusion
Thus, the graph for Boyle's law is called an Isotherm.

Step 1: Graham's Law of Diffusion
Graham's law states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass: where is the rate of diffusion, and is the molar mass of the gas.
Step 2: Why Other Options are Incorrect
Option (b) Dalton's law deals with partial pressures in a mixture of gases, not diffusion.

Option (c) Avogadro's law relates to the volume of gas and the number of moles, not the rate of diffusion.

Option (d) Newton's law pertains to mechanics, not the diffusion of gases.
Step 3: Conclusion
Thus, the diffusion of gases is governed by Graham's law.