Polymers

A variety of unsaturated compounds such as alkenes, alkadienes and their derivatives readily undergo polymerisation in the presence of radical initiator (radical generating catalyst) such as dioxygen, benzoyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide etc. As does not have peroxide linkage and it does not serve as radical initiator.

The polymers possessing amide linkages are important examples of synthetic fibres and are termed as nylons.

Buna-N. is obtained by copolymerisation of 1,3 -butadiene and acrylonitrile in the presence of a peroxide catalyst.

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Answer (a) Teflon

Terylene or dacron is a polyester, which is prepared by condensing terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol

Answer (d) Low-Density Polyethylene contains substantial concentrations of branches that hinder crystallisation

(Buna- rubber) is obtained by copolymerisation of a mixture of -butadiene and styrene in the ratio of -butadiene and styrene in the ratio of in presence of sodium

Step 1: Understand natural vs.synthetic polymers.
Rayon is a synthetic fiber made from regenerated cellulose.
On the other hand, starch, cellulose, and RNA are natural polymers that occur in nature.
Step 2: Identify the non-natural polymer.
Rayon is a man-made fiber and is not a natural polymer.

Step 1: Understand polymerisation types.
Addition polymerization is a type of polymerization in which monomers add to the growing polymer chain one at a time, without the loss of any small molecules.
This process is also known as chain-growth polymerization.
Step 2: Identify the correct term.
Chain-growth polymerization refers to the process of addition polymerization, where the polymer chain grows through the successive addition of monomers.

Step 1: Understand the biodegradability of polymers.
Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) is a widely used non-biodegradable polymer.
PHB (Polyhydroxybutyrate) and PHBV (Polyhydroxybutyrate-co-Polyhydroxyvalerate) are biodegradable, and PGA (Polyglycolic acid) is also biodegradable.
Step 2: Identify the non-biodegradable polymer.
LDPE is non-biodegradable and remains in the environment for a long time.