Morphology Of Flowering Plants

The given floral diagram represents following conditions in a flower.
- Heterochlamydeous - There are separate whorls of calyx and corolla.
- Gamopetalous - Petals are fused.
- Tetramerous - Sepals and petals are 4 in number
- Bisexual - Flower is having both male and female sex organs.

Multiple fruit formed from single flower and apocarpous ovary Aggregate fruit formed from inflorescence.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept: In angiosperms, the filaments of stamens can fuse together while their anthers remain free. This fusion can result in single or multiple distinct bundles.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach: Differentiate between monoadelphous, diadelphous, and polyadelphous stamen arrangements and recall their classic plant examples.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
If the filaments of all stamens unite into a single solid tube or bundle, the condition is called monoadelphous (e.g., China rose/Hibiscus).
If they unite into exactly two separate bundles, it is called diadelphous (e.g., Pea, where arrangement is typically 9+1).
If the stamens unite into more than two separate bundles, the condition is referred to as polyadelphous.
The classic textbook example given for the polyadelphous condition is the Citrus flower (lemon/orange).
Mustard generally exhibits a tetradynamous free stamen arrangement.
Step 4: Final Answer: The correct option is (3).

Step 1: Understanding the Concept: A floral formula uses specific symbols to concisely represent the morphological features, numbers, and arrangements of floral parts in a plant.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach: Translate each given descriptive morphological term directly into its corresponding standard botanical symbol.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation: Let's break down the given description:
- Actinomorphic: Represented by the symbol .
- Bisexual: Represented by the combined male/female symbol.
- Pentamerous, gamosepalous: Calyx ( ) has 5 sepals, and they are united. Represented as .
- Gamopetalous: Corolla ( ) has 5 petals (due to pentamerous condition), united. Represented as .
- 5 stamens in epipetalous condition: Androecium ( ) has 5 free stamens ( ). Epipetalous means stamens are attached to petals, indicated by an arc connecting and . Thus, .
- Bicarpellary syncarpous superior ovary: Gynoecium ( ) has 2 carpels, united (syncarpous), and superior (line below G). Represented as .
Combining all these parts, the correct floral formula is .
This formula is characteristic of the family Solanaceae.
Step 4: Final Answer: The correctly assembled formula is found in option (4).