Inorganic Chemistry

Concept: Main group elements are those in which the valence electrons occupy s or p orbitals.

Step 1: Understand classification.

• s-block Group 1, 2
• p-block Group 13–18
• d-block Transition metals
• f-block Inner transition metals

Step 2: Identify main group elements.
Main group = s-block + p-block

Concept: Metalloids are elements that exhibit properties intermediate between metals and non-metals. They are typically found along the zig-zag line in the periodic table. Common metalloids include:

Step 1: Identify each element.

• Antimony (Sb) Metalloid
• Aluminium Metal
• Magnesium Metal
• Phosphorus Non-metal
• Calcium Metal

Step 2: Select the correct option.
Only Antimony is a metalloid.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Hinsberg's reagent is used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Hinsberg's reagent is Benzenesulphonyl chloride (C6H5SO2Cl).
Reaction with primary amine gives sulphonamide soluble in alkali.
Reaction with secondary amine gives sulphonamide insoluble in alkali.
Tertiary amine does not react.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Hinsberg's reagent is Benzenesulphonyl chloride.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Metallic character decreases across a period from left to right.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Na, Mg, Si, and P are in Period 3. Na is an alkali metal (most metallic), Mg is an alkaline earth metal, Si is a metalloid, and P is a non-metal. So the order is Na Mg Si P.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct order is Na Mg Si P.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept
Bond order is related to the number of electrons in a molecule or ion. Species that are isoelectronic (have the same number of electrons) typically have the same bond order, provided they follow similar Molecular Orbital (MO) configurations.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach
For diatomic species with 14 electrons (like ), the bond order is 3. For every electron added or removed from this 14-electron "peak," the bond order generally decreases by 0.5.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation
1. Count electrons for each species: - : electrons. - : electrons. - : electrons. - : electrons.
2. Identify isoelectronic pair: Both and have 14 electrons. 3. Calculate Bond Orders: - 14 electrons ( ): Bond Order = 3. - 17 electrons ( ): Bond Order = 1.5. - 12 electrons ( ): Bond Order = 2.

Step 4: Final Answer
The pair with the same bond order is and .