Ionic Equilibrium In Solution

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration. Higher pH means more basic (lower H⁺ concentration). We need the solution with the highest pH among acids and bases.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Acids have pH < 7, bases have pH > 7. So the answer must be a base. Compare the two bases: 0.10 M NaOH and 0.01 M NaOH. NaOH is a strong base, so it dissociates completely. pOH = -log[OH^-]. pH = 14 - pOH. For 0.10 M NaOH: [OH^-] = 0.1 M, pOH = 1, pH = 13.
For 0.01 M NaOH: [OH^-] = 0.01 M, pOH = 2, pH = 12. 0.10 M NaOH has a higher pH.
Step 3: Final Answer:
0.10 M NaOH has the highest pH value.