Electrical Circuits

Step 1: Explanation of the Phenomenon
When high
energy electrons strike a metal target, the energy from the electrons is transferred to the metal atoms. This energy causes the ejection of inner shell electrons in the atoms of the metal, and when electrons from higher energy levels fall back to fill these vacancies, they emit energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation.
Step 2: Identifying the Type of Radiation
The energy released in this process is typically in the form of X rays, which have a much higher energy than visible light and are part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Other radiation types, such as microwaves, infrared rays, and radio waves, have lower energy compared to Xnrays and are not produced in this phenomenon.

Final Answer: The correct answer is

Step 1: Understanding the Problem
We are given an AC circuit with a resistor , inductive reactance , and capacitive reactance . The rms voltage . We need to find the rms current through the resistor.
Step 2: Calculating the Impedance of the Circuit
The impedance ( ) of the circuit is given by:
Substituting the given values:
Step 3: Calculating the rms Current
The rms current ( ) is given by:
Substituting the values:
Step 4: Matching with the Options
The calculated rms current is , which corresponds to option (A). Final Answer: The rms value of current through the resistor is 2A.

Step 1: Understanding Rutherford's Model
In Rutherford's model, electrons revolve around the positively charged nucleus, but this system is unstable. Due to the continuous acceleration of electrons, electromagnetic radiation is emitted, causing the electrons to spiral inward, leading to collapse.
Step 2: Understanding Thomson's Model
In Thomson's model, the electrons are embedded in a uniform positive charge distribution (often referred to as the "plum pudding model"). This model assumes the atom as electrically neutral and stable without the collapsing problem seen in Rutherford’s model.
Step 3: The Correct Answer
Option (c) is correct because, according to classical electrodynamics, an electron moving in a circular orbit under the influence of Coulomb force would continuously radiate energy and spiral inward, leading to the atom's collapse. This is the key flaw in Rutherford’s model.
Final Answer: A classical atom based on Rutherford's model is doomed to collapse.