Carnot Cycle

Concept: Physics (Thermodynamics) - Heat Engines and Refrigerators.

Step 1: State the formula for Coefficient of Performance ( ). For a refrigerator: $ T_1 T_2 \eta \beta $

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
A Carnot engine is a theoretical thermodynamic cycle that determines the maximum possible efficiency any heat engine can achieve.
The efficiency depends exclusively on the absolute temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
The formula for the efficiency of a Carnot engine is .
Here, is the absolute temperature of the cold reservoir and is the absolute temperature of the hot reservoir.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
From the given question, the temperature of the hot reservoir is .
The temperature of the cold reservoir is .
Substitute these temperature values into the efficiency formula:



To convert this decimal to a percentage, multiply by 100:


Step 4: Final Answer:
The efficiency of the Carnot engine is 50%, which corresponds to option (C).

Concept: The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between two reservoirs is where
• = temperature of hot reservoir
• = temperature of cold reservoir

Step 1: Substitute the given temperatures.

Step 2: Simplify the expression.

Step 3: Convert to percentage.