Transition Metals

Among the transition metals, chromium (Cr) has the highest melting point. This is because of its unique electron configuration and the strong metallic bonding present in the metal.

(i) Upon heating, the colour of shifts due to the transition of electrons between energy levels.
(ii) For a ion with , the electronic configuration is .
(iii) The hybridization of is , and it is diamagnetic due to all electrons being paired.

Scandium (Sc) does not show variable oxidation states because its only stable oxidation state is +3. Elements like Mn, Cr, and Cu are known for exhibiting multiple oxidation states due to the availability of d-electrons.