Digital Electronics And Logic Gates

Step-by-step Logic Gate Evaluation:

1. Gate 1: AND gate →
2. Gate 2: AND gate →
3. Gate 3: NAND gate with both inputs as → functions as NOT gate →
4. Gate 4: OR gate with inputs →
5. Gate 5: NOR gate with inputs and :

Simplifying:

Using De Morgan's Theorem: Now simplify : Expand: Multiply by : Since :

✅ Final Simplified Output:

Comparison with Options:

• (a) — clearly not correct
• (b) — output only 1 when all inputs are 0 — does not match
• (c) — equivalent to , not same as
• (d) — this is , and not the final output (since is also involved)

Conclusion: The correct simplified expression is:

However, none of the given options match this output. Therefore, the problem appears to have a flaw or mismatch between the logic diagram and the answer options.