Isomerism

Diethyl ether will be isomeric with all 4-carbon
saturated alcohols. Butanone is unsaturated,
has two hydrogen less than the diethylether.

Therefore, two structural and four configurational isomers.

Conformers can be interconverted through rotation about C-C
bond.

I and II are optically active while III is optically inactive (meso
form ).

Isomeric alcohols of are

Step 1: Understanding the complex
The given complex is , where:
- Pt is the central metal ion, Platinum (Pt).
- is a neutral ligand, ammonia.
- and are negatively charged ligands, chloride and bromide, respectively.
- There are 4 ammonia molecules, 2 chloride ions, and 2 bromide ions coordinated to the platinum ion.
The complex has the general formula , which means it contains a coordination sphere where platinum is surrounded by 4 ammonia molecules, 2 chloride ions, and the 2 bromide ions are outside the coordination sphere (as counter-ions).
Step 2: Types of isomers
There are two main types of isomers that can arise in this type of complex:
1. Geometrical isomers: These arise due to different spatial arrangements of the ligands around the central metal ion.
2. Optical isomers: These arise due to the chiral nature of the complex, where the complex is non-superimposable on its mirror image.
Step 3: Geometrical isomerism
In this complex, the two chloride ions ( ) can either be placed adjacent to each other (cis-isomer) or opposite to each other (trans-isomer) in the coordination sphere.
- Cis-isomer: The two chloride ions are adjacent to each other.
- Trans-isomer: The two chloride ions are opposite to each other.
Thus, there are 2 possible geometrical isomers based on the relative position of the chloride ions.
Step 4: Optical isomerism
The complex can also exhibit optical isomerism. This is because in the cis configuration, the arrangement of ligands around the platinum ion can create a chiral center. The cis-isomer will have two mirror-image forms (optical isomers).
Thus, there are 2 optical isomers for the cis-isomer.
Step 5: Counting the total number of isomers
We have:
- 2 geometrical isomers (cis and trans).
- 2 optical isomers for the cis-isomer.
Therefore, the total number of isomers is:
Step 6: Conclusion
Thus, the total number of possible isomers for the complex is 6.