Kinetics Equations

Step 1: Determine the number of unpaired electrons. The electronic configuration of is: This indicates 5 unpaired electrons in the subshell.

Step 2: Use the formula for magnetic moment. The magnetic moment is given by: where is the number of unpaired electrons.

Hence, the magnetic moment of is 5.9 BM.

Step 1: Determine the order of reaction.
The problem involves percentages of completion and time, which suggests a first-order reaction. The formula for the time required to achieve a certain completion in a first-order reaction is: where: - is the time, - is the rate constant, - is the initial concentration, - is the concentration at time .

Step 2: Calculate the rate constant .
For 50\% completion, . Substituting : Using :

Step 3: Calculate the time for 90\% completion.
For 90\% completion, . Substituting into the formula: Using :

Step 4: Final Answer.
The time required to complete 90\% of the reaction is:

Glyceraldehyde is named based on its structure: - It is a three-carbon molecule ( ) with two hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to the second and third carbons. - The aldehyde group ( ) is located at the first carbon atom. - Thus, the correct IUPAC name is

2,3-dihydroxypropanal.