Solubility Equilibria Of Sparingly Soluble Salts

of



Suppose its solubility in is







of





Higher power of are neglected

Step 1: Recall the solubility trend of alcohols.
Solubility of alcohols in water decreases with increase in the length of the hydrocarbon chain due to the dominance of the hydrophobic alkyl group.
Step 2: Effect of branching.
Greater branching in alcohols increases solubility in water because it reduces the effective hydrophobic surface area.
Step 3: Analyze the given options.
Pentan-1-ol is a straight-chain alcohol with a longer hydrophobic part compared to the branched alcohols listed.
Hence, it shows the least solubility in water.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Therefore, pentan-1-ol is the least soluble in water among the given options.

The solubility product constant, , is related to the solubility by the equation: Given that the solubility mol/L:

Sodium chloride ( ) is an ionic compound that dissolves easily in water due to the strong ion-dipole interactions between its ions and water molecules. In contrast, , , and have much lower solubility in water, with and being nearly insoluble. Therefore, the most soluble compound in water is , corresponding to option (1).

Step 1: Understand the nature of the acid. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid, meaning it dissociates completely in water: Step 2: Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions. Since HCl dissociates completely, the concentration of hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of the acid: Step 3: Use the pH formula. The pH of a solution is given by: Substitute the concentration of : Answer: Therefore, the pH of the solution is 2.