Cell Structure And Organelles

In this problem, we need to analyze two statements about mitochondria and chloroplasts to determine their correctness.

Statement I: Mitochondria and chloroplasts are both double membrane-bound organelles.

Statement I is correct. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have two membranes. In mitochondria, there is an outer membrane and an inner membrane that form the mitochondrial structure. Similarly, chloroplasts have an outer membrane and an inner thylakoid membrane.

Statement II: The inner membrane of mitochondria is relatively less permeable, as compared to chloroplasts.

Statement II is incorrect. The inner membrane of mitochondria is indeed highly selective and less permeable, which is critical for maintaining the proton gradient necessary for ATP production during cellular respiration. On the contrary, the inner membrane of chloroplasts, specifically the thylakoid membrane, is involved in photosynthesis and while it is less permeable in certain respects, it serves different functional constraints compared to mitochondria. Thus, directly comparing their permeability without considering specific contexts is not accurate.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

Statement I is incorrect. The Golgi cisternae are not concentrically arranged; they are arranged in a cis-to-trans direction, with the cis face receiving proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and the trans face releasing modified proteins.
Statement II is also incorrect. Protein modification occurs in the cisternae of the Golgi complex as they move from the cis to the trans face, not just at the cis face.

The correct matches are:

(A) Centromere is involved in Cell division (II).
(B) Cilium is involved in Cell movement (III).
(C) Cristae are found in Mitochondrion (I).
B Cell membrane consists of Phospholipid Bilayer (IV).

Thus, the correct matches are: