Ionization Of Acids And Bases

Phosphoric acid ( ) ionizes stepwise as: 1. 2. 3. The overall ionization constant is related to the individual constants by the equation: Taking the logarithm of both sides:
Thus, Statement A is true.
- Statement B: (phosphoric acid) is indeed a stronger acid than (dihydrogen phosphate) and (hydrogen phosphate) because it is in its protonated form, and each successive deprotonation reduces the acid strength.
Thus, Statement B is true.
- Statement C: As for the ionization constants, , because the first proton is the easiest to lose, and subsequent deprotonations are progressively harder.
Therefore, Statement C is true.
- Statement D: This is incorrect. The ratio does not have any standard relationship in the context of phosphoric acid's ionization.
Therefore, Statement D is false.

Thus, the correct answer is A, B, and C only.