Amines

It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Because the acts as an electron withdrawing group to one phenyl group and a moderate electron donating group to the other phenyl group the nitration will occur on the phenyl group where is acting as an electron donating group. The major product of the nitration will have the in the para position because the ortho position is partially blocked by the large COPh group.

The pK value represents the basicity of an amine. Lower pK values indicate stronger bases. - N,N-Dimethyl aniline (A) has a pK value of 9.30, which is the weakest base among the options, so A is matched with III. - Aniline (B) has a pK value of 8.92, indicating moderate basicity, so B is matched with II. - N-Ethylethanamine (C) has a higher basicity (pK value of 9.38), so C is matched with I. - N-Methylaniline (D) has the highest basicity (pK value of 3.00), so D is matched with IV. Hence, the correct matching is (1) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I