Adsorption

The Freundlich adsorption isotherm is given by the equation:

• Here, is the amount of adsorbate adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent.
• is the mass of the adsorbent.
• is the equilibrium pressure of the adsorbate.
• and are constants specific to the adsorbent and adsorbate.

Plotting log (x/m) Vs. log (P):

Taking the logarithm of both sides of the Freundlich equation:

Using the properties of logarithms:

This equation is in the form of a linear equation , where:

• (slope of the line)
• (Y-axis intercept)

Conclusion: The slope of the line in the plot of log (x/m) Vs. log (P) is and the Y-axis intercept is .

Let's break down the process step by step:

1. Adorbent: The substance that has the ability to attract and hold other substances on its surface. In this case, it is Animal Charcoal.
2. Adsorbate: The substance that is attracted and held by the adorbent. Here, it is the Colouring substance present in the raw sugar solution.
3. Process: The process by which the adorbent attracts and holds the adsorbate is called Adsorption.

Why is option (C) correct?

• Animal Charcoal acts as the adorbent, attracting and holding the colouring substances.
• The colouring substances in the raw sugar solution are the adsorbates.
• The process of removing the colouring substances from the solution is called adsorption.

Why are the other options incorrect?

• Option (A): Sorption is a general term that includes both adsorption and absorption. It is not specific enough for this process.
• Option (B): The terms are reversed. Animal Charcoal should be the adorbent, not the adsorbate.
• Option (D): The terms are reversed. The colouring substance should be the adsorbate, not the adorbent.

Conclusion: The correct set of terminologies for the given example is Animal Charcoal (adorbent), Colouring substance (adsorbate), and Adsorption (process).