Coordination Compounds

Step 1: Concept
hybridization indicates an outer orbital octahedral complex.
Step 2: Analysis
is a weak field ligand and cannot pair up electrons in , forcing the use of outer orbitals. Strong ligands like and typically form complexes.
Step 3: Conclusion $ [CoF₆]³- 4s, 4p, 4d sp³d²$ hybridization.
Final Answer: (A)

Step 1: Scientific Notation
In , trailing zeros after the decimal point are significant. The power of 10 is ignored. Total: 5 figures (4, 8, 0, 0, 0).
Step 2: Decimal Numbers
In 48000.50, all digits are significant. Zeros between non-zero digits (4, 8, and 5) and trailing zeros after a decimal are significant. Total: 7 figures.
Final Answer: (b)

Step 1: Identifying the stability of metal complexes.
Copper ions (Cu ) form the most stable complex compounds due to their smaller ionic size and higher charge density compared to the other ions listed.

Step 2: Explanation of the options.
- (1) Mn : Manganese ions do not form as stable complexes compared to copper .
- (2) Ni : Nickel ions form stable complexes, but not as stable as copper .
- (3) Fe : Iron ions are not as stable as copper ions in forming complexes.
- (4) Cu : Copper ions have a high charge density and form the most stable complexes.

Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (4) Cu .

Step 1: Understanding the coordination number.
Coordination number refers to the number of ligands directly bonded to the central metal ion in a complex.

Step 2: Explanation of the options.
- (1) 6, 4, 6: This is not correct, as the coordination number for [FeCl ] is 4, not 6.
- (2) 6, 6, 4: This is correct. [Fe(CN) ] and [Fe(CN) ] both have coordination number 6, and [FeCl ] has coordination number 4.
- (3) 6, 3, 3: This is incorrect for the given complexes.
- (4) 2, 3, 3: This is incorrect for all three complexes.

Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (2) 6, 6, 4.

Step 1: Formula / Definition}

Step 2: Calculation / Simplification}
Zwitter ion exists at isoelectric point (around pH ).
Among the given options, pH = 4 is closest to the condition where dipolar ion form is significant.
Thus, alanine exists predominantly as zwitter ion in this medium.
Step 3: Final Answer

Step 1: Formula / Definition}

Step 2: Calculation / Simplification}
Sucrose Glucose + Fructose
Raffinose Glucose + Fructose + Galactose
Maltose Glucose + Glucose (only glucose)
Galactose is monosaccharide.
Step 3: Final Answer

Concept: Charge transfer in coordination complexes

Step 1: Fe initially in Fe state.

Step 2: During complex formation, Fe is reduced to Fe .

Step 3: NO is oxidized to NO .

Step 4: Thus involves charge transfer between Fe and NO.
Conclusion:
Correct answer = (C)

Concept: An organometallic compound is defined as a compound containing at least one direct metal-carbon (M–C) bond, where the carbon is part of an organic group.

Step 1: Analyze each option.
• (A) Lithium acetate — (or ). Lithium is bonded to oxygen atoms (ionic bond), not directly to carbon. The carbon of the acetate group is bonded to oxygen, not to lithium. Not organometallic (it is a metal carboxylate salt).
• (B) Methyl lithium — . Lithium is directly bonded to the carbon of the methyl group ( ). This is a direct metal–carbon sigma bond. Organometallic compound (a classic example of an organolithium reagent).
• (C) Lithium dimethyl amide — (or ). Lithium is bonded to nitrogen, not to carbon. The methyl groups are attached to nitrogen, not directly to lithium. Not organometallic (it is a metal amide).
• (D) Lithium methoxide — (or ). Lithium is bonded to oxygen (alkoxide ion), not directly to carbon. The methyl group is attached to oxygen. Not organometallic (it is a metal alkoxide).

Step 2: Conclusion. Only methyl lithium contains a direct lithium–carbon bond, making it the only organometallic compound among the options.

Concept: Outer orbital complexes use hybridization (weak field ligands).

Step 1: Check ligand strength.
= weak field → outer orbital.

Step 2: Conclusion.
is outer orbital.

Concept: Charge of complex = metal + ligands.

Step 1: Oxidation state of Ni.
Ni = +2

Step 2: Ligand charge.
Each CN = -1, total = -4

Step 3: Total charge.

Concept: In naming coordination complexes (and writing their formulas), ligands are arranged in alphabetical order according to their names (ignoring prefixes like di-, tri-, tetra-).

Step 1: Identify the ligands and their names.
• → ammine (starts with 'a')
• → aqua (starts with 'a' as well — compare: 'a' of ammine vs 'a' of aqua → then compare second letter: m vs q → 'a' then 'm' comes before 'q'? Actually alphabetical: 'a' then next letter. 'ammine' (a m m i n e) vs 'aqua' (a q u a). 'm' comes before 'q', so ammine comes before aqua.)
• → chloro (starts with 'c', which comes after 'a')

Step 2: Correct alphabetical order. However, both ammine and aqua start with 'a'. Compare second letters: 'm' (ammine) vs 'q' (aqua). Since 'm' comes before 'q', ammine comes before aqua. Thus, the correct sequence is: first, then , then .

Step 3: Write the formula. This matches option (D).

Step 4: Why not other options?
• (A) and (B) do not follow alphabetical order.
• (C) has before , which is incorrect because 'aqua' (a) comes before 'chloro' (c).

Concept: Hybridisation depends on:
•Nature of ligand (strong/weak field)
•Geometry (tetrahedral / square planar / octahedral)

Step 1: Analyze each complex (A) :}
CO is strong field ligand → tetrahedral complex (B) :}
CN strong field → square planar (C) :}
NH weak/moderate field → octahedral outer orbital (D) :}
CN strong field → inner orbital octahedral

Step 2: Matching