Nomenclature Of Organic Compounds

Step 1: Parent Chain
The longest carbon chain contains the aldehyde group (-CHO), which is given priority (C1).
Step 2: Numbering
Numbering from the -CHO group: C1 is CHO, C2 has a methyl group, C3 is part of a double bond, and C4 has a hydroxyl group.
Step 3: Substituents
- Hydroxyl at C4 (4-hydroxy)
- Methyl at C2 (2-methyl)
Step 4: Name Assembly
The base is pent-2-en-1-al. Combining everything: 4-hydroxy-2-methylpent-2-en-1-al.
Final Answer: (B)

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
IUPAC nomenclature: select longest chain containing the functional group (aldehyde).

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Structure: CH -CHBr-CH(CH )-CHO.
Longest chain with CHO has 5 carbons: CHO-CH(CH )-CHBr-CH .
Number from CHO: C1 (CHO), C2 (CH(CH )), C3 (CHBr), C4 (CH ).
Name: 3-bromo-2-methyl pentanal.

Step 3: Final Answer:
3-bromo-2-methyl pentanal

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
IUPAC nomenclature rules for alkanes: Identify the longest carbon chain and number it to give substituents the lowest possible numbers.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The structure is of a 5-carbon chain (pentane) with two ethyl groups attached to the third carbon atom. The longest chain is pentane, and the substituents are two ethyl groups on carbon 3. The name is 3,3-diethylpentane. Options like 2-ethylpentane would imply a different structure (which is actually 3-methylhexane). Tetraethyl carbon (C(C H ) ) would be 3,3-diethylpentane if you consider it, but that's not a standard name.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct IUPAC name is 3,3-diethylpentane, which corresponds to option (A).