Liquifaction Of Gases

The liquation process for tin (Sn) is a metallurgical method used to separate tin from other impurities or less fusible impurities in the metal. The process leverages the difference in the melting points of tin and its impurities.

1. Basic Principle: The process relies on the fact that tin has a lower melting point (approximately 232°C) compared to its impurities.
2. Procedure: The tin ore or tin-containing scrap is gently heated to a temperature slightly above tin's melting point. This temperature allows tin to melt while most of the impurities remain solid.
3. Flow on a Slope: The molten tin is allowed to flow down a sloped surface or inclined plane. The liquid tin runs down, while the solid impurities remain on the surface.

Justification of Correct Option:

The correct option is "is brought to molten form which is made to flow on a slope". This describes the liquation process accurately, as the tin melts and flows away from its solid impurities.

Reasoning:

• Option: "is reacted with acid" - This is incorrect because the liquation process involves melting, not chemical reactions.
• Option: "is dissolved in water" - This is incorrect because tin is not soluble in water, and the process does not involve dissolution.
• Option: "is fused with NaOH" - This is incorrect because fusion with NaOH is not part of the liquation process. This would involve a chemical reaction, not simple melting and separation.

In summary, the liquation process used in tin metallurgy involves bringing the metal to a molten form and utilizing a sloped surface to separate tin from its less fusible impurities.